THE TREATMENT OF A PROTRACTED ACTIVE PHASE IN THE PRESENCE OF CHORIOAMNIONITIS SHOULD INCLUDE
April 22, 2024A. Oxytocin infusion ✓ B. Prompt Cesarean delivery C. Manual rotation of a malposition D. Amnioinfusion with antibiotics Chorioamnionitis is an infection of the fetal membranes (chorion and amnion) and amniotic fluid, typically caused by ascending bacteria from the lower genital tract. When chorioamnionitis is present during labor, it can lead to a protracted active phase of labor, which may necessitate intervention to expedite delivery and reduce maternal and fetal complications. In other words, it is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including preterm birth, neonatal sepsis, and maternal postpartum infections. Oxytocin infusion is a common intervention used…
INFANTS BORN TO A DIABETIC MOTHER ARE AT RISK OF
A. Hypoglycemia ✓ B. Hypoparathyroidism C. Hyperparathyroidism D. Hypothyroidism E. Hyperthyroidism Infants born to a diabetic mother are at risk of Hypoglycemia. This is because when a pregnant woman has diabetes, her high blood sugar levels can pass through…
A BASIC POSTULATE OF THE KINETIC THEORY OF GASES IS THAT THE MOLECULES OF A GAS MOVE IN STRAIGHT LINES BETWEEN COLLISIONS. THIS IMPLIES THAT
A. collisions are perfectly elastic ✓ B. forces of repulsion exist C. forces of repulsion and attraction are in equilibrium D. collisions are inelastic Collisions are elastic in the context of the kinetic theory of gases does not imply that collisions are…
ACCORDING TO CHARLES’ LAW, THE VOLUME OF A GAS BECOMES ZERO AT
A. 0°C B. -100°C C. -273°C ✓ D. -373°C Charles’ law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, provided that the pressure remains constant. Absolute temperature is measured in Kelvin (K), which is based on…
IN CASES OF UNCERTAINTY (EQUIVOCAL NITRAZINE, FERNING, AND POOLING), WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DYES SHOULD NOT BE INJECTED TRANSABDOMINALLY FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF PRETERM PROM
A. Indigo carmine B. Methylene blue ✓ C. Evans blue D. Fluorescein In cases of uncertainty regarding the diagnosis of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM), it is important to exercise caution when considering transabdominal injection of dyes for…
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS COULD MOST BENEFIT FROM ADMINISTRATION OF 17 ALPHA-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE CAPROATE
A. A patient with two previous spontaneous preterm births ✓ B. A smoker C. A primigravida D. A person presenting with preterm premature rupture of membranes 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17P) is a synthetic form of progesterone that has been…
DEMAND IN ECONOMICS IS SYNONYMOUS WITH
A. needs B. wants of the consumer C. all goods demanded in the market D. wants supported with ability to pay ✓ E. all consumers goods In economics, demand refers to the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and…
GIVEN THAT FIXED COST IS N500.00, VARIABLE COST N1,500.00 AND OUTPUT IS 50 UNITS, WHAT WILL BE THE AVERAGE COST OF PRODUCING ONE UNIT
A. N2,000.00 B. N60.00 C. N50.00 D. N40.00 ✓ E. N30.00 To calculate the average cost of producing one unit, we can use the formula: Average Cost = (Fixed Cost + Variable Cost) / Output Given: Fixed Cost = N500.00 Variable Cost =…
WHICH PRINCIPLE IS MOST IMPORTANT IN THE PROPER CONDUCT OF A VACUUM EXTRACTION DELIVERY
A. Cup size B. Station of presenting part C. Type of cup D. Placement of cup ✓ In the proper conduct of a vacuum extraction delivery, the principle of correct placement of the cup is crucial. The vacuum extraction…
WHEN THE SECOND STAGE OF LABOR EXCEEDS 3 H
A. It should be considered abnormal B. Cesarean or instrumental vaginal delivery should be performed C. It may be normal, depending on the rate of fetal descent ✓ D. Pelvic floor injury is inevitable The duration of the second…
A BAND OF SINGERS AND DANCERS IN DRAMA WHO ACTS AS A LINK BETWEEN THE PLAY AND THE AUDIENCE IS THE
A. Chorus ✓ B. Clown C. Playwright D. Cast In drama, a band of singers and dancers who act as a link between the play and the audience is known as the Chorus. The Chorus typically provides commentary on the events of the…
A PLAY IN WHICH THE ACTS SUCCEED ON ANOTHER WITHOUT PROBABLE OR NECESSARY SEQUENCE IS
A. Episodic ✓ B. Simple C. Linear D. Convoluted In a play where the acts succeed one another without a probable or necessary sequence, it is referred to as an episodic play. Episodic plays are characterized by disconnected events or episodes that…
THE LABORS OF MULTIPARAS WHO HAVE HAD ALL PREVIOUS BABIES BY CESAREAN SECTION
A. Are generally prolonged B. Have abnormal contractility patterns C. Are not influenced by maternal age D. Should have their progress judged by the criteria for nulliparas ✓ When considering the labors of multiparas who have had all previous…
THE FIRST-LINE TREATMENT OF ITP IS
A. Administration of corticosteroids ✓ B. Administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) C. A splenectomy D. Administration of azathioprine The first-line treatment for Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is the administration of corticosteroids. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone or dexamethasone, are commonly…
A FACTOR TO BE CONSIDERED IRRESPECTIVE OF THE CHOICE OF A MODE OF TRANSPORTING GOODS IS THE
A. Price of the goods. B. Nature of the goods ✓ C. Brand of the goods. D. Packaging of the goods When deciding on the mode of transporting goods, several factors need to be taken into consideration to ensure the safe and…
A MERCHANDISER IS THE INDIVIDUAL WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
A. security of goods in the retail store B. quality control of goods produced C. availability of products at the right position in the retail store ✓ D. advertising of products on television A merchandiser is primarily responsible for…
THE MOST ABUNDANT COMPONENT OF SURFACTANT IS
A. SP-A B. PG C. Lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) ✓ D. Sphingomyelin The most abundant component of surfactant is Lecithin (phosphatidylcholine). Surfactant is a complex mixture of lipids and proteins that lines the alveoli in the lungs and plays a crucial…
THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF SPORADIC PREGNANCY LOSS IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER IS
A. Infection B. Tobacco exposure C. Genetic abnormalities ✓ D. Diabetes E. Thyroid disease The most common cause of sporadic pregnancy loss in the first trimester is Genetic abnormalities. Genetic abnormalities can occur due to errors in the division…
THE MOST COMMON TRISOMY IN SPONTANEOUS ABORTION IS
A. Trisomy 21 B. Trisomy 18 C. Trisomy 13 D. Trisomy 16 ✓ E. Trisomy 1 The most common trisomy in spontaneous abortion is Trisomy 16. Trisomy 16 is the most frequent chromosomal abnormality found in spontaneous abortions, accounting…
IN THE ABSENCE OF AN AGREEMENT, PARTNERS SHARE PROFITS
A. based on activeness of a partner B. based on capital contribution C. on patronage basis D. on equal basis ✓ In the absence of an agreement, partners share profits based on the principle of equal sharing. This means that profits are…
AS A BASIS FOR ASSESSING FUTURE USAGE, FIXED ASSETS ARE SHOWN AT
A. selling price B. cost price ✓ C. cost plus residual value D. net book value Fixed assets are typically shown on a company’s balance sheet at their original cost price, which is the amount paid to acquire or construct the asset.…
THE PLACENTAL EXPRESSION OF WHICH ENZYME IS THOUGHT TO PROTECT THE FETUS FROM MATERNAL CORTISOL
A. Aldosterone synthase B. 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD)-1 C. 11β-HSD-2 ✓ D. 17α-Hydroxylase E. 11α-Hydroxylase The enzyme thought to protect the fetus from maternal cortisol is 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD)-2. This enzyme plays a crucial role in regulating the levels of…
SURFACTANT PROTEIN A (SP-A) IS BELIEVED TO PLAY A ROLE IN
A. The innate immune system of the lung ✓ B. Type 2 cell hyperplasia C. Alveolar development D. Type 2 cell function Surfactant protein A (SP-A) is a crucial component of the innate immune system in the lungs. SP-A…
IF THE SIZE OF THE HOLE OF A PINHOLE CAMERA IS INCREASED, THE IMAGE FORMED BECOMES
A. brighter and blurred B. brighter and larger C. brighter and sharper D. blurred and duller E. blurred and larger ✓ A pinhole camera works by allowing light to pass through a small aperture or hole, forming an inverted image on the opposite…
IN AN OPERATING X-RAY TUBE, A HIGH P.D IS APPLIED BETWEEN THE CATHODE AND THE ANODE FOR THE PURPOSE OF
A. accelerating the electrons to a very high energy ✓ B. concentrating electrons on the target C. heating the anode D. heating the cathode E. producing a stream of electrons An X-ray tube is a device used in medical imaging and industrial applications…
FIRST-LINE THERAPY FOR APS DURING PREGNANCY INCLUDES
A. High-dose prednisone and low-dose aspirin B. High-dose prednisone and thromboprophylactic doses of heparin C. Thromboprophylactic doses of heparin and low-dose aspirin ✓ D. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and low-dose aspirin Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by…
THE ETIOLOGY OF CHRONIC TWIN-TO-TWIN TRANSFUSION SYNDROME
A. Is based on the dizygotic nature of the conceptuses B. Is undoubtedly due to the associated reversed arterial perfusion sequence in the acardiac twin C. Produces hypovolemia and anemia in the recipient and hypervolemia and polycythemia in the donor…
THE BEST METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE HUMAN RISK OF DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICANTS IS
A. Animal studies B. In vitro studies C. Case reports D. Epidemiology studies ✓ Epidemiology studies are crucial in assessing the impact of environmental exposures on human health, including the effects of developmental toxicants. These studies involve observing and…
PEPSIN IS SECRETED AS AN INACTIVE PRECURSOR CALLED PEPSINOGEN BECAUSE
A. pepsin as an enzyme is quickly destroyed by the alkaline food from the mouth B. all digestive enzymes pass through a precursor stage ✓ C. pepsin is a proteolytic enzyme and might attack the stomach tissues D. pepsin is not required in…
THE MESOPHYLL LAYER OF A LEAF CONSISTS OF
A. wax and cutin B. cells with lignified walls C. irregularly shaped collenchyma cells D. photosynthetic parenchyma cells ✓ The mesophyll layer of a leaf consists of photosynthetic parenchyma cells. These cells are responsible for carrying out photosynthesis, the process by…
A 22-YEAR-OLD Go WITH BIOPSY-CONFIRMED ENDOMETRIOSIS CONTINUES TO HAVE DISABLING DYSMENORRHEA FOR 3 DAYS AT THE TIME OF MENSES DESPITE CYCLIC ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES. WHAT IS THE BEST MANAGEMENT OPTION
A. Endometrial ablation B. Uterine artery embolization C. Danazol/gestrinone D. GnRH agonist (Lupron) E. Continuous OCs ✓ The best management option for a 22-year-old G0 with biopsy-confirmed endometriosis who continues to have disabling dysmenorrhea for 3 days at the time of menses despite cyclic…
A 21-YEAR-OLD PRIMIGRAVID WOMAN PRESENTS WITH FEVER, BACK PAIN, PRETERM LABOR, AND BROWN-STAINED AMNIOTIC FLUID. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ORGANISMS SHOULD BE SUSPECTED AS A POTENTIAL CAUSE OF FETAL INFECTION
A. Escherichia coli B. Listeria monocytogenes ✓ C. Group B streptococci D. Trypanosoma cruzi E. Campylobacter fetus When a 21-year-old primigravid woman presents with fever, back pain, preterm labor, and brown-stained amniotic fluid, the potential cause of fetal infection…
THE TREATMENT OF SYPHILIS IN PREGNANCY IN PENICILLIN-ALLERGIC PATIENTS SHOULD CONSIST OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF
A. Penicillin (after desensitization) ✓ B. Erythromycin C. Tetracycline D. Clindamycin Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It can be transmitted from a pregnant woman to her fetus, leading to congenital syphilis, which…
WE THE PEOPLE OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA IS USUALLY THE OPENING PHRASE OF THE PREAMBLE TO
A. coup announcement B. government gazettes C. constitution ✓ D. hazard In Nigeria, the opening phrase “We the people of the Federal Republic of Nigeria” is the beginning of the preamble to the Constitution of Nigeria. The preamble sets out the foundational…
THE CATEGORIES OF NIGERIAN CITIZENS THAT CANNOT BE DECLARED AS NON-CITIZENS UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE ARE CITIZENS BY
A. parentage and naturalization B. registration and birth C. birth and parentage ✓ D. registration and naturalization In Nigeria, the categories of citizens that cannot be declared as non-citizens under any circumstance are those who are citizens by birth and parentage. This…
A 24-YEAR-OLD G2P1 PRESENTS AT 36 WEEKS’ GESTATION IN ACTIVE LABOR. HER GBS CULTURE IS NOT AVAILABLE. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING REPRESENTS THE MOST APPROPRIATE MANAGEMENT IN THIS SETTING
A. Do nothing B. Administer GBS chemoprophylaxis empirically ✓ C. Administer antibiotics only if she develops a fever D. Send a GBS perineal culture and wait for the result to decide whether or not to give antibiotics E. Review her GBS status from her prior…
TREATMENT WITH ISONIAZID (INH) FOR A POSITIVE PURIFIED PROTEIN DERIVATIVE (PPD) CONVERSION DURING PREGNANCY MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH MATERNAL
A. Renal failure B. Liver toxicity ✓ C. Seizures D. Congestive heart failure Isoniazid (INH) is a medication commonly used to treat tuberculosis and isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is recommended for individuals with a positive purified protein derivative (PPD)…
A LITERARY WORK IN WHICH THE CHARACTERS ARE ANIMALS IS A
A. Lampoon B. Fable ✓ C. Parody D. Pantomime A literary work in which the characters are animals is a fable. In a fable, animals often take on human characteristics and behaviors, allowing the author to convey moral lessons or messages through…
A PRAISE POEM IS
A. A Ballad B. A Panegyric ✓ C. An Allegory D. An Epigram A praise poem is a type of poetic composition that expresses admiration, approval, or enthusiasm towards a person, place, or thing. The term “panegyric” is often used interchangeably with…
IN PREGNANCY, ACYCLOVIR SHOULD BE USED TO TREAT ALL OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS, EXCEPT FOR
A. Recurrent genital herpes B. Varicella pneumonia C. Herpetic hepatitis D. Influenza ✓ Acyclovir is an antiviral medication commonly used to treat infections caused by herpes viruses, including genital herpes, shingles, and chickenpox. However, it is not typically used…
A 28-YEAR-OLD WOMAN UNDERGOES EXTENSIVE LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY IN THE LITHOTOMY POSITION. SHE PRESENTS AFTER TWO DAYS WITH UNRESOLVED RIGHT-SIDED FOOT DROP AND PARAESTHESIA OVER THE CALF AND DORSUM OF THE RIGHT FOOT. DAMAGE TO WHICH NERVE IS THE MOST LIKELY CAUSE
A. Common peroneal ✓ B. Femoral C. Ilio-inguinal D. Lateral cutaneous of the thigh E. Obturator The most likely cause of the unresolved right-sided foot drop and paraesthesia over the calf and dorsum of the right foot in this…
AN EFFICIENT WEAPON USED IN RESOLVING DISPUTE BETWEEN EMPLOYERS AND EMPLOYEES IS
A. co-operation B. collective bargaining ✓ C. display of placards D. legal action Collective bargaining is an efficient weapon used in resolving disputes between employers and employees. It is a process where representatives of the employees, usually labor unions, negotiate with the…
AT THE HIGHEST LEVEL OF TOTAL UTILITY, MARGINAL UTILITY IS
A. negative B. positive and falling C. positive and rising D. zero ✓ At the highest level of total utility, the marginal utility is zero. This concept is derived from the law of diminishing marginal utility, which states that as a person consumes…
MAGNESIUM SULFATE IS COMMONLY ADMINISTERED TO WOMEN WITH PRE-ECLAMPSIA. WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GOAL OF THIS THERAPY
A. To lower the BP B. To prevent preterm labor C. For neuroprotection of the fetus D. To prevent seizures ✓ E. To dilate the cerebral vasculature and prevent headache Pre-eclampsia is a serious condition that can occur during pregnancy, characterized by high blood pressure…
A 46-YEAR-OLD, NON-PREGNANT, MORBIDLY OBESE WOMAN PRESENTS WITH IRREGULAR PERIODS OVER THE PAST 6 MONTHS. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING REPRESENTS THE MOST APPROPRIATE INITIAL MANAGEMENT IN THIS SETTING
A. Oral contraceptives B. Endometrial ablation C. Office hysteroscopy D. Dilation and curettage (D&C) E. Endometrial biopsy ✓ In this case, the most appropriate initial management for a 46-year-old, non-pregnant, morbidly obese woman presenting with irregular periods over the past 6 months would be…
A PATIENT WHO IS A CHRONIC HEPATITIS B CARRIER DELIVERS VAGINALLY AT 39 WEEKS’ GESTATION. THE BABY SHOULD RECEIVE WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING THERAPIES ON THE FIRST DAY OF LIFE
A. Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) B. Hepatitis B vaccination C. HBIG and hepatitis B vaccination ✓ D. None of the above In the scenario described, where a chronic hepatitis B carrier delivers vaginally at 39 weeks’ gestation, the baby should receive both…
WHICH STRUCTURE PROVIDES THE MAJOR SUPPORT TO THE UTERUS AND CERVIX
A. Round ligaments B. Broad ligaments C. Cardinal ligaments ✓ D. Uterosacral ligaments E. Scarpa fascia The cardinal ligaments provide the major support to the uterus and cervix. These ligaments are located at the base of the broad ligament of the uterus, extending from…
SŪRAH 79:24 REVEALS THAT PHARAOH’S ACTION IS INCOMPATIBLE WITH THE ISLAMIC PRINCIPLE OF TAWHĪD BECAUSE HE
A. encouraged the art of magic B. indulged in immoral acts C. worshiped beings other than ‘Allāh D. equated himself with ‘Allāh ✓ Sūrah 79:24 in the Quran indicates that Pharaoh’s action was incompatible with the principle of Tawhīd in Islam because…
THE PROPHET WHO ASSISTED PROPHET IBRAHĪM (A.S.) IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE KA’ABAH IS
A. Ishaq (A.S) B. Nūℎ (A.S) C. Yacqūb (A.S) D. Ismāil (A.S) ✓ Prophet Ibrahim (A.S.), also known as Abraham in the Judeo-Christian tradition, is a significant figure in Islam as one of the prominent prophets. According to Islamic tradition, Prophet Ibrahim,…
WHICH MEDICINE HAS TO BE DIRECTLY INJECTED INTO THE FETUS
A. Digoxin B. Propranolol C. Flecanide D. Amiodarone ✓ In the case of fetal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) with hydrops fetalis, amiodarone is the medicine that has to be directly injected into the fetus. Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication that can be…
THE TERM “ZONE OF ALTERED MORPHOLOGY” REFERS TO
A. The zone of amnion, chorion, and decidua in the edge of the placental mass B. The zone of amnion, chorion, and decidua at the midpoint between the placental mass at the site of rupture of membranes C. The zone…
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