THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE IS
A. Uterine atony ✓ B. Coagulopathy C. Obstetric trauma D. Retained placenta The most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage is A) Uterine atony. Postpartum hemorrhage is defined as excessive bleeding following childbirth, and uterine atony refers to the inability…
THE FUNDUS COMPRESSION SUTURE USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF UTERINE BLEEDING WAS DESCRIBED BY
A. O’Leary B. B-Lynch ✓ C. Haultain D. Huntington The B-Lynch suture, also known as the B-Lynch compression suture, is a surgical technique used in the management of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) or uterine bleeding. It was developed by Dr.…
AN UNSATURATED SOLUTION DIFFERS FROM A SATURATED SOLUTION AT A GIVEN TEMPERATURE BECAUSE IT
A. Cannot dissolve more solute B. Can hold more solute than it can actually dissolve C. Can still dissolve more solute at given temperature ✓ D. Form crystal more easily on cooling An unsaturated solution differs from a saturated solution at a…
ALUMINIUM IS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF AIRCRAFT BECAUSE IT
A. Is hard and brittle B. Is light and resists corrosion ✓ C. Has high density and conducts electricity D. Is malleable and ductile Aluminium is chosen for aircraft construction due to its advantageous properties. Firstly, aluminium is lightweight, which helps reduce…
A PATIENT WITH MARFAN SYNDROME IS CONTEMPLATING PREGNANCY. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CLINICAL FINDINGS PLACES HER AT HIGHEST RISK FOR MORTALITY DURING PREGNANCY
A. A grade 2/6 apical diastolic murmur with radiation to the axilla B. An aortic root diameter of 47 mm ✓ C. Marked tricuspid regurgitation D. Unifocal premature ventricular contractions In a patient with Marfan syndrome contemplating pregnancy, an…
IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WHO ARE IN PREMATURE LABOR, THE DRUG OF CHOICE IS
A. A beta-sympathomimetic B. Magnesium sulfate ✓ C. Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors D. Salbutamol In diabetic patients who are in premature labor, the drug of choice is magnesium sulfate. Magnesium sulfate is commonly used as a tocolytic agent to delay…
THE CONDITION MOST FREQUENTLY MISDIAGNOSED AS APPENDICITIS IS
A. Renal colic B. Round ligament syndrome C. Preterm labor D. Pyelonephritis ✓ E. Cystitis Pyelonephritis is the condition most frequently misdiagnosed as appendicitis. Pyelonephritis is an infection of the kidney and upper urinary tract, usually caused by bacteria…
A PATIENT PRESENTS IN LABOR WITH APPENDICITIS. THE CORRECT MANAGEMENT IS
A. Cesarean section with removal of the appendix B. Vaginal delivery with appendectomy postpartum ✓ C. Appendectomy followed by vaginal delivery D. Appendectomy followed by Cesarean section E. Tocolysis with appendectomy followed by vaginal delivery F. Appendectomy followed by tocolysis…
GOODS RETURNED TO A SUPPLIER IS
A. Debited to returns outward account B. Credited to returns outwards account ✓ C. Debited to returns inwards account D. Credited to returns inwards account When goods are returned to a supplier, it means that the products have been sent back due…
ASSETS ACQUIRED IS RECORDED BY DEBITING
A. Asset Account, Crediting Cash Account ✓ B. Cash Account, Crediting Asset Account C. Purchase of Business Account, Crediting Sale of Business Account D. Asset Account, Crediting Purchase of Business Account When assets are acquired, they are recorded by debiting an Asset…
THE ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME IS TYPICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH WHICH RENAL DISEASE
A. Thrombotic microangiopathy ✓ B. Minimal change disease C. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis D. Membranous glomerulopathy Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is typically associated with renal disease, particularly thrombotic microangiopathy. Thrombotic microangiopathy is a condition characterized by the formation of blood…
HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM CAN CAUSE A NEUROPATHY BY CAUSING A DEFICIENCY OF WHAT
A. Vitamin B12 B. Vitamin B1 (thiamine) ✓ C. Vitamin C D. Vitamin D E. Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe form of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy that can lead to various complications, including nutritional deficiencies.…
THE MOST EFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR SCLERODERMA COMPLICATED WITH RENAL CRISIS DURING PREGNANCY IS
A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors ✓ B. Corticosteroids C. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) D. Methotrexate Scleroderma complicated with renal crisis during pregnancy is a serious condition that requires careful management to ensure the health and safety of both the…
THE MALIGNANCY OCCURRING IN PREGNANCY MOST LIKELY TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH FETAL METASTASES IS
A. Thyroid B. Hodgkin’s disease C. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia D. Vulva E. Melanoma ✓ The malignancy occurring in pregnancy most likely to be associated with fetal metastases is melanoma. Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can spread…
THE MUSCLE CELL FLUID OF AN ATHLETE WAS TESTED IMMEDIATELY AFTER A 10 M RACE AND WAS FOUND TO CONTAIN A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF LACTIC ACID. EXPLAIN WHAT COULD HAVE CAUSED THIS. THE
A. athlete must have eaten food containing lactic acid just before the race B. Athlete must have injected lactic acid into his blood just before the race C. athletes muscle must have carried out anaerobic respiration during the race ✓ D. athlete…
THE DISADVANTAGE OF COMPLEXITY OF ORGANISATION IN THE HIGHER ORGANISMS IS THAT IT LEADS TO
A. mutual interdependence between component cells B. internal structural specialization C. increased adaptation to environment D. slower rate of diffusion of oxygen to individual cells ✓ The disadvantage of complexity of organization in higher organisms, such as multicellular organisms, is that it…
WHEN OXYTOCIN IS GIVEN TO TREAT AN ARREST OF DILATION
A. It should be continued for as long as there is perceptible progress in cervical dilation B. It should be discontinued if no fetal descent occurs in the first 3 h C. Most patients who respond will do so within…
A FETAL HEAD THAT IS FLOATING ABOVE THE INLET DURING EARLY LABOR
A. Is always associated with a deflexed attitude B. Is associated with an increased risk of Cesarean delivery ✓ C. Signifies a malposition D. Only occurs in cases of android pelvic architecture During early labor, a fetal head that…
MERCHANDISING IS BEST SUITED FOR
A. Consumer goods ✓ B. primary products C. industrial services D. organizational products Merchandising is a marketing strategy that involves promoting and selling products to customers. It is primarily focused on consumer goods, which are tangible products intended for personal use by…
ONE OF THE RULES THAT GUIDES INTERNATIONAL MARKETING IS
A. import restriction ✓ B. memorandum of association C. company’s annual report D. articles of association In the context of international marketing, one of the key rules that guide businesses is import restrictions. Import restrictions refer to the regulations and limitations imposed by…
IN INFANTS WITH POLYCYTHEMIA AND SYMPTOMS SECONDARY TO HYPERVISCOSITY, MOST CENTERS WOULD
A. Perform a double-volume exchange transfusion B. Initiate phototherapy C. Perform a partial exchange transfusion ✓ D. Administer intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) E. Perform a triple lindy In infants with polycythemia and symptoms secondary to hyperviscosity, most centers would perform…
A 24 YEAR OLD WOMAN IS SCHEDULED FOR AN URGENT APPENDECTOMY. SHE HAS SEVERE ABDOMINAL PAIN BUT IS OTHERWISE WELL. A RAPID SEQUENCE INDUCTION IS PERFORMED USING FENTANYL, PROPOFOL AND SUXAMETHONIUM. SOON AFTER INTUBATION HER PULSE RATE IS 140BPM, BP 60/40MMHG AND SHE HAS SIGNIFICANT BRONCHOSPASM. WHICH IS THE SINGLE MOST LIKELY CAUSE
A. Acute asthma B. Anaphylaxis ✓ C. Inadvertent intubation of right main bronchus D. Septic shock E. Tension pneumothorax The single most likely cause of the symptoms described in the scenario is Anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening…
THE SPINAL LEVEL THAT IS APPROPRIATE FOR CESAREAN SECTION IS
A. T1–T2 B. T4–T6 ✓ C. T6–T8 D. T10 E. T7–T10 A Cesarean section, commonly known as C-section, is a surgical procedure used to deliver a baby through an incision in the mother’s abdomen and uterus. Spinal anesthesia is…
DURING THE SECOND AND THIRD TRIMESTERS, OVER 90% OF THE HEMOGLOBIN OF THE FETUS IS
A. Hemoglobin A B. Hemoglobin F ✓ C. Hemoglobin G D. Hemoglobin H E. Hemoglobin Z During the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, the fetal circulatory system undergoes significant development to support the growing fetus. One crucial component…
AFTER PARTURITION, NONLACTATING WOMEN EXPERIENCE OVULATION ON AVERAGE AT
A. 45 days ✓ B. 60 days C. 90 days D. 120 days After parturition, nonlactating women typically experience ovulation at around 45 days postpartum. This period is known as the postpartum anovulatory phase, during which ovulation is suppressed…
FETOPLACENTAL CIRCULATION IS ESTABLISHED AT OR DURING THE
A. Tenth week of gestation B. Fifth week of gestation ✓ C. Third week of gestation D. Third month of gestation E. Fourth month of gestation Fetoplacental circulation is a crucial process in pregnancy where the circulatory system of…
THE WORD HĀFIZĪN IN QURAN 82:10 REFERS TO
A. man B. Angels ✓ C. Jinns D. prophets In the Quran 82:10, the word “Hāfizīn” refers to angels. The term is used to describe the angels who record the deeds of individuals, both good and bad, as a way of keeping…
FARD AND HARĀM IN THE SCOPE OF SHARĪ’AH MEAN
A. permissible and punishable B. obligatory and prohibited ✓ C. compulsory and disliked D. tolerable and abominable In the context of sharī’ah, which is Islamic law based on the Quran and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, the terms Fard and Harām…
WHERE THE HUSBAND AND WIFE MUTUALLY AGREE TO TERMINATE THEIR MARRIAGE CONTRACT WITHOUT ANYTHING AGAINST EACH OTHER, SUCH A DISSOLUTION IS TERMED
A. mubāra’ah ✓ B. ilā’ C. Khul D. Faskh In Islamic law, Mubāra‘ah refers to a mutual divorce agreement where the husband and wife agree to terminate their marriage contract without any disputes or claims against each other. This form of dissolution is characterized…
WHO AMONG THE PROPHETS OF ‘ALLĀH WAS SENT TO HIS PEOPLE TO WARN AGAINST DECEIT IN TERM OF MEASUREMENT AND WEIGHT
A. Shuaib (A.S.) ✓ B. Nuh (A.S) C. Salih (A.S) D. Hud (A.S) Among the prophets of Allah, it was Shuaib (A.S.) who was sent to his people to warn against deceit in terms of measurement and weight. Shuaib (A.S.) is a prophet mentioned…
THE ENERGY CHANGE THAT ACCOMPANIES THE ADDITION OF AN ELECTRON TO AN ISOLATED GASEOUS ATOM IS
A. bond energy B. electronegativity C. electron affinity ✓ D. ionization energy When an electron is added to an isolated gaseous atom, the energy change that occurs is known as the electron affinity. Electron affinity is defined as the energy released or…
HOW MANY ISOTOPES HAS HYDROGEN
A. 2 B. 3 ✓ C. 4 D. 5 Hydrogen, the first element on the periodic table, has three naturally occurring isotopes. These isotopes are sometimes denoted as 1H, 2H, and 3H. Among these isotopes, 1H and 2H are stable, while 3H is radioactive with a half-life of 12.32 years. Protium…
A 64 YEAR OLD WOMAN WITH PREVIOUS EPISODES OF DEPRESSION HAS A SEVERE RELAPSE WITH PSYCHOMOTOR RETARDATION, INSOMNIA AND WEIGHT LOSS. AFTER TWO MONTHS SHE HAS FAILED TO RESPOND TO ANTIDEPRESSANTS AND SHE IS NOW CONVINCED THAT SHE IS BEYOND HELP. WHICH IS THE SINGLE MOST APPROPRIATE TREATMENT
A. Antipsychotic depot injection B. CBT C. ECT ✓ D. Hypnotherapy E. Supportive psychotherapy In the case of a 64-year-old woman experiencing a severe relapse of depression with symptoms such as psychomotor retardation, insomnia, and weight loss, who has…
A 72 YEAR OLD MAN IN ICU HAD AN ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM REPAIR EIGHT HOURS AGO. IN THE LAST HOUR, HE HAS PASSED 10ML OF URINE VIA A CATHETER. HIS PULSE RATE IS 125 BPM AND BP 70/50MMHG. WHICH IS THE SINGLE MOST LIKELY DIAGNOSIS
A. Acute renal failure B. Blocked catheter C. Cardiogenic shock D. Hypovolaemia ✓ E. Sepsis Given the clinical scenario described, the most likely diagnosis for the 72-year-old man in the ICU who had an abdominal aortic aneurysm repair eight…
AN 18 YEAR OLD MAN WITH ASTHMA HAS GRADUALLY INCREASING BREATHLESSNESS AND WHEEZE DESPITE REGULAR USE OF HIS SALBUTAMOL AND CORTICOSTEROID INHALERS. WHICH IS THE MOST APPROPRIATE NEXT THERAPEUTIC STEP
A. Add leukotriene antagonist B. Add long acting inhaled beta 2 agonist ✓ C. Add oral theophylline D. Double the dose of inhaled corticosteroid E. Replace inhaled steroid with oral corticosteroid In this scenario, the most appropriate next therapeutic…
INFECTION WITH PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECI SUGGESTS A DEFECT IN WHICH ASPECT OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
A. B lymphocytes B. Phagocytic cells C. Complement system D. T lymphocytes ✓ When an individual becomes infected with Pneumocystis jiroveci, it typically suggests a defect in T lymphocytes within the immune system. Pneumocystis jiroveci is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that…
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF MALARIA CAN CAUSE RELAPSING ILLNESS AT INTERVALS OVER MONTHS AND YEARS WITHOUT THE PATIENT BEING REINFECTED
A. Plasmodium vivax ✓ B. Plasmodium knowlesi C. Plasmodium malariae D. Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium vivax is the type of malaria that can cause relapsing illness at intervals over months and years without the patient being reinfected. This characteristic is due…
A 78-YEAR-OLD MAN WITH KNOWN HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES PRESENTS WITH A HISTORY OF FIVE ATTACKS OF PALPITATIONS OCCURRING OVER THE PAST 6 MONTHS; THE PALPITATIONS OCCUR RANDOMLY, START SUDDENLY AND LAST 2–10 HOURS. DURING THE ATTACK HE FEELS FAST, IRREGULAR PALPITATIONS BUT NO OTHER SYMPTOMS. THE ATTACKS TERMINATE SUDDENLY. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS IS TRUE
A. The likely diagnosis is atrial fibrillation ✓ B. Supraventricular tachycardia is the most likely diagnosis. C. A 24-hour ECG will establish the diagnosis D. A cardiac ultrasound is unnecessary E. You can reassure the patient that he will not…
A PATIENT AGED 33 YEARS WITH AN UNEXPLAINED SWELLING OF ONE LEG FOR THE LAST 2 MONTHS PRESENTS WITH 14 DAYS OF EFFORT INTOLERANCE DUE TO BREATHLESSNESS AND HAEMOPTYSIS. EXAMINATION SHOWS BREATHLESSNESS, A HEART RATE OF 110 BPM, BP 125/65, OXYGEN SATURATIONS ON AIR OF 90%, AND AN ECG SHOWING SINUS TACHYCARDIA AND RIGHT AXIS DEVIATION. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE
A. A D-dimer should be performed B. Immediate thrombolysis should be given C. A CT pulmonary angiogram should be undertaken immediately, and, if not possible, a cardiac ultrasound ✓ D. Warfarin should be given without any further investigation E. A…
WHICH PROPERTY OF A WAVE REMAINS CONSTANT WHEN THE WAVE TRAVELS FROM ONE MEDIUM INTO ANOTHER
A. Amplitude B. Wavelength C. Velocity D. Frequency ✓ When a wave travels from one medium into another, the property that remains constant is the frequency. Frequency is defined as the number of complete oscillations or cycles of a wave that occur…
A FRESHLY DEMAGNETIZED BAR MAGNET IS PLACED IN THE EAST-WEST DIRECTION TO ENSURE THAT
A. the molecular magnets remain randomly arranged ✓ B. the molecular magnets are properly aligned C. it is affected by the earth’s magnetic field D. the magnetic domains are within the earth’s field In this scenario, when a freshly demagnetized bar magnet…
THE PREGNANT WOMAN COMPLAINS OF NUMBNESS AND “PINS AND NEEDLES” IN HER FINGERS AND HANDS. THE CONDITION IS CALLED AS
A. Carpal tunnel syndrome ✓ B. Vericosites C. Pica D. Heart burn Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common condition that occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm into the palm of the hand, becomes compressed or…
A FIBROID TUMOUR IS ALSO KNOWN AS
A. Myalgia B. Myotic C. Myoma ✓ D. Myeloma Myoma is a benign tumor that originates from the smooth muscle layer of the uterus, also known as the myometrium. These tumors are commonly referred to as fibroids and are…
BLEEDING DUE TO THROMBOCYTOPENIA OFTEN OCCURS IN SMALL VESSELS, CAUSING
A. Infection B. Pruritus C. Scarring D. Petechiae and purpura ✓ Bleeding due to thrombocytopenia often occurs in small vessels, causing petechiae and purpura. Petechiae are small red or purple spots on the skin caused by minor bleeding from…
RITUXIMAB IS A MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY USED IN THE TREATMENT OF CERTAIN TYPES OF HAEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES. WHICH ANTIGEN DOES IT TARGET
A. CD56 B. CD20 ✓ C. CD4 D. CD8 Rituximab targets CD20, which is a specific B-cell surface antigen. In other words, Rituximab targets the CD20 antigen. CD20 is a cell surface protein that is primarily expressed on B cells,…
AN OVERWEIGHT 40-YEAR-OLD WOMAN PRESENTS WITH SEVERAL WEEKS’ HISTORY OF TIREDNESS, INCREASING JAUNDICE AND COLICKY RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT PAIN. ON THE DAY OF ADMISSION SHE HAS DEVELOPED ATTACKS OF PROFOUND SHIVERING WITH SHAKING, HIGH TEMPERATURES AND MALAISE. THE MOST LIKELY DIAGNOSIS IS WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING
A. Viral hepatitis B. Alcoholic hepatitis C. Biliary obstruction due to gallstones with superadded biliary sepsis ✓ D. Malaria E. Cirrhosis and urinary tract infection In the case presented, the symptoms of tiredness, increasing jaundice, colicky right upper quadrant…
IN AN OLIGURIC PATIENT, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SIGNS POINT TOWARDS FLUID DEPLETION
A. A depressed haematocrit B. An elevated jugular venous pressure C. Pulmonary oedema D. Postural hypotension ✓ E. Hypertension In an oliguric patient, postural hypotension is a sign that points towards fluid depletion. Postural hypotension refers to a drop…
A TALL THIN WOMAN AGED 26 PRESENTS WITH SUDDEN-ONSET LEFT-SIDED PLEURITIC CHEST PAIN AND BREATHLESSNESS. EXAMINATION SHOWS HER TO BE TALL AND THIN, WITH A STRAIGHT BACK, OXYGEN SATURATION 99% ON AIR, HEART RATE 70 BPM, BP 110/75 AND DECREASED BREATH SOUNDS TO THE LEFT HEMITHORAX. THE LIKELY DIAGNOSIS IS WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING
A. Acute coronary syndrome B. Aortic dissection C. Pneumonia D. Pneumothorax ✓ E. Pulmonary embolus A pneumothorax is a condition characterized by the presence of air in the pleural space, leading to lung collapse. The classic presentation includes sudden-onset…
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MARKET VALUE OF GOODS PRODUCED AND THE COST OF PRODUCTION IS
A. net profit on goods sold B. gross profit on manufacturing ✓ C. closing stock of work-in-progress D. prime cost of manufacturing To calculate the difference between the market value of goods produced and the cost of production, you would look at…
WHERE PARTNERS MAINTAIN A FLUCTUATING CAPITAL ACCOUNT, PARTNERS’ SHARE OF PROFIT IS CREDITED TO
A. capital account ✓ B. profit and loss appropriate account C. current account D. profit and loss account In partnership where partners maintain a fluctuating capital account, partners’ share of profit is credited to capital account. Steps to Determine the Answer: Partners’ share…