WHEN A SPIROGYRA FILAMENT IS PLACED IN A CONCENTRATED SALT SOLUTION FOR 30 MINUTES, THE CELL WOULD BECOME
A. plasmolysed ✓ B. turgid C. shortened D. elongated The answer to the question is: A. plasmolysed When a Spirogyra filament is placed in a concentrated salt solution for 30 minutes, the cell would become plasmolysed. Plasmolysis is the process in which a plant…
THE SENSORY CELL THAT RESPONDS TO DIM LIGHT IS REFERRED TO AS THE
A. cone B. lens C. rod ✓ D. iris The answer to the question is: C. rod The sensory cell that responds to dim light is referred to as the rod. Rod cells, also known as rods, are photoreceptor cells in the retina of…
WHEN A CELL IS PLACED IN SOLUTION AND THE SIZE OF THE CELL INCREASES, THE CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTION IS SAID TO BE
A. isotonic B. dilute C. hypotonic ✓ D. hypertonic The answer to the question is: C. hypotonic When a cell is placed in a solution and its size increases, the concentration of the solution is said to be hypotonic. In a hypotonic solution, the…
HOW THE PLASMID CAN BE USED TO GENETICALLY MODIFY A BACTERIAL CELL TO CONTAIN A HUMAN GENE
Introduction to Plasmids Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that are separate from the chromosomal DNA and are found in bacteria and other organisms. They play a crucial role in genetic engineering as they can be used as vectors to…
CELL COMPARTMENTALISATION AND PROTEIN TRANSPORT IN CELLS
Cell compartmentalisation refers to the organization of eukaryotic cells into distinct membrane-bound compartments called organelles. These organelles serve specific functions within the cell and are essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Proteins are transported between organelles through a complex network of…
MECHANISMS AND REGULATION OF CELL MIGRATION
Cell migration is a crucial process that involves the movement of cells from one location to another. This process is essential for various physiological processes, such as wound healing, tissue development, and immune responses. Cell migration is a complex process…
REGULATION OF DNA REPLICATION DURING CELL GROWTH AND INTERACTION WITH TRANSCRIPTION
DNA replication is a crucial process that occurs in all living cells, where the genetic material is copied and transmitted to the next generation. The regulation of DNA replication is a complex process that involves the coordination of multiple cellular…
EXPLORING SUBSTANCE TRANSPORT THROUGH CELL MEMBRANES
Diffusion through the Cell Membrane Diffusion is the process by which particles move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until they are evenly distributed throughout a space. This process occurs in solids, liquids, and…
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMS OF THE CELL
Organization of the Cell The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life, and it is composed of several organelles that work together to maintain homeostasis and perform various functions. The organization of the cell is hierarchical, with…
RECOGNITION OF MODIFICATIONS AT DIFFERENT SURFACES OF A CELL
The surfaces of a cell are modified in various ways to carry out specific functions. These modifications can be observed in the plasma membrane, the outermost layer of the cell, and the surfaces of organelles within the cell. Here are…
A JOURNEY THROUGH MITOSIS AND CELL CYCLE
Cell Division: Mitosis Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. The process of mitosis is divided into several distinct stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase,…
AN IN-DEPTH LOOK AT THE CELL MEMBRANE
Introduction The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is a thin, semi-permeable barrier that surrounds every cell and regulates the flow of materials in and out of the cell. It is essentially a selectively permeable membrane that allows…
EXPLORING THE FUNCTION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CELL NUCLEUS
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains the genetic material of the cell in the form of DNA. It serves as the control center of the cell, regulating gene expression and coordinating cellular activities. The…
ESSENTIAL INSIGHTS INTO CELL ORGANELLES
Introduction Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform specific functions necessary for the cell’s survival. Each organelle has a distinct structure and function, contributing to the overall health and operation of the cell. Cell organelles include: Nucleus: The…
EXPLORING THE BASICS OF CELL BIOLOGY
Introduction to Cell A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently, carrying out essential functions such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Cells are enclosed…
APPROACH TO PATIENTS WITH LYMPHADENOPATHY, LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE AND PLASMA CELL DISORDERS
Introduction to Lymphadenopathy Lymphadenopathy refers to the enlargement or swelling of lymph nodes, which are small bean-shaped structures found throughout the body. Lymph nodes play a crucial role in the immune system by filtering lymph fluid and trapping harmful substances…
STRUCTURE OF BACTERIAL CELL AND SPECIALIZED STRUCTURES
A typical bacterial cell is a single-celled microorganism that belongs to the domain Bacteria. It is characterized by its simplicity and lack of a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Despite its simplicity, a bacterial cell contains several important components that…
CELL JUNCTIONS AND THEIR FUNDAMENTAL ROLES
Cell junctions are specialized structures in multicellular organisms that facilitate communication and adhesion between neighboring cells. These junctions play crucial roles in maintaining tissue integrity, allowing cells to work together, and coordinating various physiological processes. Cell Junctions: Lateral &…
CELL MEMBRANE BI-LIPID STRUCTURE
The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is a crucial component of all cells. It separates the cell’s internal environment from the external environment, providing structural integrity and selectively controlling the flow of substances in and out of…
CLPD, PLASMA CELL TUMORS AND MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHIES
Introduction Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorders (CLPDs) are a group of diseases characterized by the abnormal growth and accumulation of lymphocytes in the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic tissues. Lymphocytes are white blood cells that are an essential part of the immune…
THE ADVANCED GUIDE TO CELL INJURY AND ADAPTATION
Introduction Cell injury is a process where the normal structure and function of a cell are disrupted due to various harmful stimuli. It can occur due to a variety of factors such as physical trauma, chemical toxins, infectious agents, and…
CELL REACTION TO ITS ENVIRONMENT
All living things are capable of responding to internal and external stimuli. The ability to do this is called irritability or sensitivity. By this means, plants and animals are able to detect and respond to changes in their environment. Irritability…
CELL AS A LIVING UNIT OF AN ORGANISM
The cell is defined as the structural and functional unit of a living organism. In other words, the cell is the simplest, the smallest and basic unit of life. All living things (plants and animals) are made of cells. The…