Histological components of pancreas The pancreas is an important organ located in the abdomen, specifically in the...
Month: October 2023
Overview of adrenocortical hormones The adrenocortical hormones, also known as corticosteroids or simply steroids, are a group...
Introduction The sternum, also known as the breastbone, is a flat, elongated bone located in the center...
Introduction The cell-mediated immune response is a crucial component of the immune system that plays a vital...
Introduction Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are proteins produced by the immune system in response to the...
Introduction The pharyngeal apparatus is a complex structure in the throat that plays a crucial role in...
The meninges are a set of three protective membranes that surround and enclose the brain and spinal...
Introduction Cardiac enzymes, also known as cardiac biomarkers, are proteins released into the blood when the heart...
Carcinogens are substances or agents that have the potential to cause cancer. These can be chemicals, radiation,...
Introduction Tumors are abnormal growths of cells that can be benign or malignant. Benign tumors are non-cancerous...
What is Immunity? Immunity refers to the body’s natural defense against pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and...
Overview of Histamine Histamine is a biogenic amine that plays a crucial role in immune response, gastric...
Introduction to Immunomodulants Immunomodulants are a class of drugs that work by modifying the immune system’s response...
Introduction Medical ethics refers to the moral principles and values that guide healthcare professionals in making decisions...
The gluteal region is located on the lower part of the torso, specifically over the buttocks. It...
Introduction The arches of the foot are three main structures that help distribute body weight and provide...
The complement system is a part of the immune system that plays a vital role in protecting...
Growth factors and cytokines are both types of signaling molecules that play crucial roles in regulating various...
Introduction Helicobacter pylori infection, also known as H. pylori infection, is a bacterial infection that primarily affects...
Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi. It is primarily...
Introduction Protein synthesis inhibitors are antibiotics that prevent bacteria from producing essential proteins needed for growth and...
Introduction Penicillin is a group of antibiotics that are derived from the fungus Penicillium. These antibiotics have...
Mechanism of action of Cephalosporins Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics that belong to the beta-lactam group,...
Metacognition refers to the ability to think about and reflect on one’s own thinking processes. It involves...
Introduction to Extracellular matrix The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex and dynamic network of molecules that...
Introduction The extracellular fluid (ECF) and internal environment of cells are crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and...
Myopathies are a group of disorders characterized by muscle weakness and dysfunction. They can be classified based...
The cranial nerves The cranial nerves are a set of twelve pairs of nerves that emerge directly...
Introduction Pre-operative workup refers to the comprehensive evaluation and preparation of a patient before undergoing a surgical...
Introduction Fetal surveillance refers to the monitoring of the well-being and development of a fetus during pregnancy....
Secondary amenorrhea is defined as the absence of menstrual periods for a period of at least three...
Primary amenorrhea is a condition characterized by the absence of menstruation in females who have reached the...
Introduction to Dysmenorrhea Dysmenorrhea is a condition characterized by painful menstrual cramps, usually accompanied by pelvic pain...
Assisted reproduction refers to the use of medical techniques and procedures to help individuals or couples conceive...
Introduction Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects people with ovaries, often during...
Hirsutism is a medical condition characterized by excessive hair growth in women, often on the face, chest,...
Introduction Instrumental vaginal delivery, also known as assisted vaginal delivery, is a method of childbirth that involves...
Physiology of amniotic fluid The physiology of amniotic fluid refers to the biological and functional aspects of...
Introduction Abnormal labor, also known as dysfunctional labor or dystocia, refers to a deviation from the normal...
Prematurity is defined as the birth of an infant before 37 weeks of gestation. According to the...
Safe motherhood refers to the provision of comprehensive and quality healthcare services to women during pregnancy, childbirth,...
Introduction Breech vaginal delivery refers to the delivery of a baby in a position other than the...
Introduction Fetal malposition and malpresentation are two terms used in obstetrics to describe abnormal positions of the...
Introduction Obstetrical emergencies refer to critical situations that can occur during pregnancy, labor, or the postpartum period,...
Adrenal insufficiency is a rare endocrine disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands, located on top of...
Introduction When it comes to dressing suture and instruments, it is essential to follow proper procedures to...
Introduction Cushing’s syndrome is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by excessive levels of cortisol in the body....
Introduction Diabetic foot refers to a condition that affects individuals with diabetes, leading to various complications in...
Introduction MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is a medical imaging technique that uses a strong magnetic field and...
Introduction Congenital orthopaedic problems refer to a group of conditions that affect the musculoskeletal system and are...
