CYTOCHROME C PURIFICATION FROM SHEEP HEART VIA ION-EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY
Cytochrome c purification from sheep heart via ion-exchange chromatography involves several steps to obtain high-purity cytochrome c for further biological or biochemical assays. Here’s the detailed process: 1) Sample Preparation: Collect fresh sheep hearts and wash them with phosphate-buffered saline…
STRUCTURE AND BIOSYNTHESIS OF MAJOR GROUPS OF GLYCANS
Glycans, also known as carbohydrates, are essential biomolecules that play crucial roles in various biological processes. They are involved in cell recognition, signaling, and immune response modulation. The major groups of glycans include N-linked glycans, O-linked glycans, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and…
RESTRICTION MAPPING OF PGLO AND TRANSFORMATION OF BACTERIAL CELLS
The pGLO plasmid is a common tool in molecular biology used to study gene expression and protein localization. Restriction mapping of the pGLO plasmid involves the use of restriction enzymes to cleave the DNA at specific recognition sites, allowing for…
STUDY OF GENE TRANSFER BETWEEN BACTERIA CONJUGATION ON SOLID AND LIQUID MEDIA
Conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer between bacteria, enabling the transfer of genetic material, such as plasmids, from a donor bacterium to a recipient bacterium. This process plays a significant role in bacterial evolution, antibiotic resistance, and the…
STRUCTURAL DIVERSITY IN GLYCANS, POLYSACCHARIDES, GLYCOPROTEINS, AND PROTEOGLYCANS
Glycans, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans are complex biomolecules that play crucial roles in various biological processes, including cell signaling, immune response, and protein folding. These molecules are characterized by their diverse structural features, which are essential for their functions. 1)…
DESIGNING GENE-SPECIFIC CHAIN REACTION PRIMERS AND AMPLIFICATION OF DNA
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a powerful molecular biology technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences. The process involves the use of primers, which are short DNA sequences that bind to the target DNA sequence and initiate the PCR reaction.…
MOLECULAR BASIS FOR PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are crucial for various cellular processes, including signal transduction, metabolism, and regulation of gene expression. The molecular basis for PPIs can be attributed to several factors, including: Complementarity of protein surfaces: Proteins have specific surfaces with a…
MOLECULAR DIVERSITY AND WIDESPREAD EXPRESSION OF PROTEIN-ASSOCIATED GLYCANS
Protein-associated glycans are carbohydrate molecules that are attached to proteins and play a crucial role in various biological processes, including cell signaling, immune response, and protein folding. The study of protein-associated glycans, also known as glycoproteomics, has revealed a vast…
PRODUCTION OF PROTEIN LYSATES AND ANALYSIS OF PROTEINS BY WESTERN BLOTTING
Protein lysates are commonly used in molecular biology and biochemistry research to study the expression and function of proteins within cells. The process of producing protein lysates involves the extraction of proteins from cells or tissues, followed by their analysis…
APPRECIATING THE RANGE OF NON-CODING RNAS IN THE GENOME
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a diverse group of RNA molecules that do not code for proteins but play crucial roles in various cellular processes. The human genome is estimated to contain thousands of non-coding RNA genes, which can be broadly…
Study Guide
