DIVERSITY IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES ON CELLULAR LEVEL
The diversity in biological systems and processes on the cellular level is a fundamental characteristic of life on Earth. Cells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms, and they exhibit a remarkable range of diversity in their structure,…
CRUCIAL ROLES OF NUCLEASES IN VARIOUS BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Nucleases are enzymes that cleave the phosphodiester bonds within nucleic acids. They play crucial roles in various biological processes, including DNA replication, repair, recombination, and RNA processing. Nucleases can be broadly categorized into endonucleases and exonucleases based on their mode…
GLYCANS AS KEY FACTORS IN BIOLOGICAL RECOGNITION
Glycans, also known as carbohydrates or sugar molecules, play a crucial role in biological recognition processes. They are involved in various cellular functions such as cell signaling, immune response, and cell adhesion. Glycans are key factors in biological recognition due…
PRINCIPLES OF CRYSTALLOGRAPHY AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AS APPLIED TO BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL
Crystallography and electron microscopy are essential tools in the study of biological materials, providing detailed insights into the structure and function of biological molecules. These techniques have revolutionized our understanding of biological systems by allowing scientists to visualize the intricate…
STEROLS IN BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Introduction Sterols are a class of lipids that have a specific four-ring structure, known as the steroid nucleus. They are important components of cell membranes and play crucial roles in various biological processes such as hormone synthesis, cell signaling, and…
BIOLOGICAL FUEL GENERATION
The need for new sources of energy arises from several factors, including the increasing demand for energy, the finite supply of fossil fuels, and the growing concerns about climate change. Firstly, global energy consumption continues to rise due to factors…
Study Guide
