• REACTIVITY OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

    REACTIVITY OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

    Introduction The reactivity of organic compounds refers to their ability to undergo chemical reactions. This reactivity is determined by several factors, including the presence of functional groups, the size and shape of the molecule, and the types of bonds present.…

  • BONDING IN COMPLEX COMPOUNDS
    GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

    BONDING IN COMPLEX COMPOUNDS

    Introduction In chemistry, a complex compound is a molecule consisting of a central metal ion or atom, typically a transition metal, and a surrounding array of other molecules or ions known as ligands. The interaction between the metal ion and…

  • SHAPES OF MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

    SHAPES OF MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS

    The shapes of molecular compounds are determined by the arrangement of their atoms and the number of lone pairs on the central atom. The most common shapes are linear, planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, and octahedral. Here are the shapes for…

  • FORMATION OF IONIC BONDS AND COMPOUNDS
    GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

    FORMATION OF IONIC BONDS AND COMPOUNDS

    Introduction Ionic bonds are formed when there is a transfer of electrons between two atoms. One atom loses electrons and becomes a positively charged ion (cation), while the other atom gains electrons and becomes a negatively charged ion (anion). The…

  • COVALENT BONDS AND COMPOUNDS
    GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

    COVALENT BONDS AND COMPOUNDS

    Introduction Covalent bonds are formed when two or more atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. In a covalent bond, the shared electrons are attracted to the nuclei of both atoms, resulting in the formation of a stable…

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