CARDIAC MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY
Introduction The physiology of cardiac muscle involves several key aspects: Contraction: Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically to pump blood. It’s involuntary and controlled by electrical impulses from the sinoatrial (SA) node, spreading through the atria and ventricles. Autorhythmicity: Unlike skeletal muscle,…
EXPLORING THE PHYSIOLOGY OF EQUILIBRIUM
Equilibrium, also known as balance, is maintained by the vestibular system in the inner ear. It involves three main components: the semicircular canals, the utricle, and the saccule. These structures contain fluid and hair cells that detect changes in head…
PHYSIOLOGY OF THE EYE AND RETINA
Eye Refraction & Indices Light refraction by the eye plays a crucial role in the process of vision. When light enters the eye, it undergoes refraction at various interfaces within the eye to focus on the retina, where photoreceptor cells…
IMPORTANT TIPS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE HEARING PHYSIOLOGY
Ear’s Ossicular System: Sound Conduction The ossicular system, also known as the ossicles, is a crucial part of the middle ear and plays a vital role in the conduction of sound waves from the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to the cochlea…
ORBITAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Understanding the anatomy and physiology of the orbit is crucial for comprehending the structure and function of the eye and its surrounding structures. Here are some important aspects of orbital anatomy and physiology: Bony Orbit: The orbit is a pear-shaped…
UNDERSTANDING THE BASICS OF MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY
Introduction Muscles are essential for movement and are responsible for generating the force required for various bodily functions. The following is a brief overview of muscle physiology. Muscle Types: There are three types of muscle in the human body: Skeletal…
THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY
Introduction The female reproductive system consists of several organs and structures that work together to produce, transport, and nourish ova (eggs) and support the development of a fetus if fertilization occurs. The main organs of the female reproductive system are…
Study Guide
