DNA polymerase is a key enzyme used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process, which is essential...
Year: 2023
Nested PCR, or nested polymerase chain reaction, is a modification of the traditional PCR technique that allows...
Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is a widely used technique in molecular biology to study protein-DNA interactions within the...
Genetically engineered bacteria-produced insulin, also known as recombinant DNA insulin, is a type of insulin that is...
Insulin is a crucial hormone for managing blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. Traditionally, insulin was...
1. Selection Markers One method to determine which host bacterial cells contain the clonal insert is by...
Introduction to Plasmids Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that are separate from the chromosomal DNA and...
Reverse transcription is a process in which a single-stranded RNA molecule is used as a template to...
Solution handling, forward and reverse pipetting, and UV-vis spectroscopy calibration are essential techniques used in various fields,...
Performing and interpreting biophysical analyses of a protein with and without bound drugs using the Thermofluor assay...
DNA replication is a fundamental process in all living organisms, essential for the transmission of genetic information...
RNA synthesis, also known as transcription, is the process by which a DNA sequence is used as...
Eukaryotic cells possess a complex and highly regulated process of DNA replication, which is essential for the...
Prokaryotic cells, which include bacteria and archaea, possess a simpler structure compared to eukaryotic cells. One of...
The central dogma of molecular biology is a framework that describes the flow of genetic information within...
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or...
The dideoxy method of DNA sequencing, also known as Sanger sequencing, is a widely used technique for...
Eukaryotic mRNA genes have a complex structure that includes several key components. The typical structure of a...
Lambert-Beer’s Law, also known as Beer’s Law, is a fundamental concept in the field of spectrophotometry and...
Introduction to Tissue Culture Tissue culture is a widely-used technique in plant and animal biology, as well...
Bacterial transposable elements, also known as transposons, are DNA sequences that have the ability to move from...
The lampbrush chromosome is a highly extended form of a chromosome found in the oocytes (immature egg...
The neutral theory of molecular evolution, proposed by Motoo Kimura in the late 1960s, suggests that the...
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a powerful and widely used technique in molecular biology for amplifying...
History of the PCR The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a revolutionary technique in molecular biology that...
Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) and Yeast Artificial Chromosome (YAC) vectors are widely used in molecular biology for...
Nucleic acid probes are short sequences of single-stranded DNA or RNA that are used to detect complementary...
Ti plasmids, also known as tumor-inducing plasmids, are a group of circular DNA molecules found in Agrobacterium...
Making transgenic plants involves the process of introducing foreign genes into the genome of a plant in...
Transgenic plants, also known as genetically modified (GM) plants, are created by introducing new genes from one...
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are organisms whose genetic material has been altered in a way that does...
The molecular detection and quantification of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have become increasingly important due to the...
The terms “native proteins” and “fusion proteins” are often used in the field of molecular biology to...
A genomic library is a collection of DNA fragments that represent the entire genome of an organism....
Genetic Markers Genetic markers are specific DNA sequences that can be used to identify the location of...
Chromogenic substrates are widely used in various biochemical and molecular biology assays for the detection and quantification...
Maxam-Gilbert sequencing, also known as chemical sequencing, is a method for determining the nucleotide sequence of DNA....
Preparation of DNA fragments involves several techniques and methods used in molecular biology and genetics to isolate,...
DNA sequencing is the process of determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule. This...
The Sanger method, also known as the chain termination method, is a technique used to determine the...
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are organisms whose genetic material has been altered in a way that does...
Alternative splicing refers to the process by which a single gene can produce multiple different mRNA and...
The arabinose operon is a unique regulatory system found in bacteria, which controls the utilization of arabinose,...
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear polysaccharides that are an essential component of the extracellular matrix and play crucial...
Co-translational glycosylation is a crucial post-translational modification process that plays a significant role in protein folding and...
Cloning is the process of creating a genetically identical copy of an organism. In the case of...
Lac Operon and its Regulation The lac operon in E. coli is a cluster of genes responsible...
2D gel electrophoresis is a powerful technique used in proteomics to separate and analyze complex mixtures of...
Cloning cDNA in plasmid vectors is a fundamental technique in molecular biology that allows for the replication...
The clonal selection theory is a fundamental concept in immunology that explains how the immune system responds...
