PHARMACOLOGY OF CEPHALOSPORINS AND VANCOMYCIN
Mechanism of action of Cephalosporins Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics that belong to the beta-lactam group, which also includes penicillins. They are widely used in the treatment of various bacterial infections. The mechanism of action of cephalosporins involves inhibiting…
PHARMACOLOGY OF ESTROGEN PREPARATIONS AND THEIR USE
Estrogen is a group of hormones that play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of female reproductive tissues and secondary sexual characteristics. It is primarily produced by the ovaries in premenopausal women, but small amounts are also synthesized…
PHARMACOLOGY OF HYPOTHALAMIC HORMONES
Introduction Hypothalamic hormones play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes within the body. Here’s a brief overview of some important hypothalamic hormones and their pharmacology: Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH): GnRH analogs, such as leuprolide and goserelin, are used in…
PHARMACOLOGY OF THE THYROID AND PARATHYROID HORMONES
Pharmacology of thyroid hormones Thyroid hormones, mainly thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), play crucial roles in regulating various physiological processes in the body. Here’s a detailed characterization of their pharmacology: Synthesis: Thyroid hormones are synthesized in the thyroid gland. The…
SKIN PHARMACOLOGY OVERVIEW
Introduction The pharmacology of skin involves the study of drugs and their effects on the skin. It includes topics like topical medications, which are applied directly to the skin, and systemic drugs that can affect the skin as a side…
DRUGS OF ABUSE PHARMACOLOGY
Introduction Drugs of abuse refer to substances that have the potential to be misused or cause addiction and harmful effects on the individual’s physical and mental health. These drugs can alter the brain’s chemistry, leading to various behavioral, psychological, and…
INTRODUCTION TO CVS PHARMACOLOGY
Cardiac & Vascular Regulation The major physiological mechanisms regulating cardiac and vascular functions in the body are primarily controlled by the cardiovascular system, which includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Here are some key mechanisms involved: Cardiac Cycle: The…
PHARMACOLOGY OF AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Autonomic Cholinergic and Adrenergic pathways These pathways differ in terms of their neurotransmitters, receptor subtypes, neurotransmitter synthesis, storage, release, and the specific drugs that target each pathway. Cholinergic Pathway: Neurotransmitter: The cholinergic pathway primarily uses acetylcholine (ACh) as its neurotransmitter.…
INTRODUCTION TO CNS PHARMACOLOGY
Action Potential’s Significance Action potential is a crucial concept in neuroscience that plays a fundamental role in neuronal signaling. It refers to the brief electrical event that occurs in the membrane of a nerve cell (neuron) when it is stimulated,…
INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY AND ITS BRANCHES
Pharmacology is the scientific discipline that deals with the study of drugs and their effects on living organisms. It encompasses various branches that focus on different aspects of drug research, development, and usage. Here are the definitions of the main…
GLUCOCORTICOIDS PHARMACOLOGY SUMMARIZED
Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced naturally in the adrenal gland and have potent anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and metabolic effects. They are widely used in medicine to treat a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, such as…
Study Guide
