THE LABORS OF MULTIPARAS WHO HAVE HAD ALL PREVIOUS BABIES BY CESAREAN SECTION

• A. Are generally prolonged
• B. Have abnormal contractility patterns
• C. Are not influenced by maternal age
• D. Should have their progress judged by the criteria for nulliparas ✓

When considering the labors of multiparas who have had all previous babies by Cesarean section, it is important to note that their progress should be judged by the criteria for nulliparas. This means that the labor should be evaluated based on the standards used for women who are giving birth for the first time, rather than those who have had previous vaginal deliveries.

In general, labors in multiparas with a history of previous Cesarean sections can be more complex and may require closer monitoring due to the potential risks associated with uterine scarring from the previous surgeries. However, it is not accurate to assume that these labors are always prolonged or have abnormal contractility patterns. Each case should be assessed individually based on factors such as maternal health, fetal well-being, and obstetric history.

Maternal age can also play a role in labor progression, but it is not the sole determining factor. While advanced maternal age can sometimes be associated with increased risks during pregnancy and childbirth, it does not necessarily mean that labor in multiparas with previous Cesarean sections will be influenced solely by age.

Therefore, when managing the labor of multiparas with a history of previous Cesarean sections, healthcare providers should use a comprehensive approach that takes into account both obstetric history and current clinical indicators to ensure the best possible outcomes for both mother and baby.