THE LUNG CELLS RESPONSIBLE FOR SURFACTANT SYNTHESIS ARE

• A. Type 1 pneumocytes
• B. Bronchial epithelium
• C. Type 2 pneumocytes ✓
• D. Endothelial cells

The lung cells responsible for surfactant synthesis are Type 2 pneumocytes. Type 2 pneumocytes, also known as septal cells or type II alveolar cells, are specialized cells in the alveoli of the lungs that produce and secrete pulmonary surfactant. Surfactant is a complex mixture of lipids and proteins that reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing their collapse during exhalation and promoting efficient gas exchange.

In other words, Type 2 pneumocytes, also known as type II alveolar cells, are the lung cells responsible for surfactant synthesis. Surfactant is a substance that reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing their collapse during exhalation and helping to maintain lung compliance.

Type 1 pneumocytes are responsible for gas exchange in the lungs, as they are thin and specialized for this function.

Bronchial epithelium lines the airways of the respiratory tract and is involved in mucus production and clearance.

Endothelial cells line the blood vessels and are not directly involved in surfactant synthesis.

In summary, Type 2 pneumocytes play a crucial role in producing surfactant in the lungs, which is essential for proper lung function.