BASIC TECHNOLOGY
DRAWING INSTRUMENTS AND MATERIALS
Drawing plays a significant role in the expression of thought and ideas. Often, descriptions which cannot be fully expressed in words, are made clearer with the use of drawings. Thus, drawing is similar to a language. However, unlike a language…
PROCESSING OF RUBBER AND PLASTICS
A) Plastic Plastics are manufactured through the combination of several different compounds obtained chiefly from cellulose, coal and petroleum. There are numerous techniques or methods for producing plastic objects. Some of these are Blow moulding, Injection moulding, Rotational moulding, Thermoset…
PROCESSING OF CERAMICS
A) Methods of Making Clay In order to process ceramics, mud, or clay is obtained and cleared of all plant material, stones, paper, metal scraps, wooden pieces and other impurities. Afterwards, it is mixed with water and thoroughly pounded until…
PROCESSING OF METALS
Many metals do not naturally exist in a free state in the ground. They occur in association with other substances collectively referred to as impurities. The combination of these impurities and the metal is referred to as the ore. It…
COMMON TIMBER DEFECTS
A defect is anything present in wood, which results in the lowering of its quality or value. A defect can be caused by the action of man, insects, and fungi or may naturally occur in the growing tree. Some defects…
TIMBER GROWTH AND FELLING
Wood is obtained from trees. When it has not been processed for use, it is typically referred to as timber. Trees are renewable materials, although they grow very slowly, some good quality hardwoods require 50 or more years to mature.…
WOOD PRESERVATION
Because the sapwood of trees contain water, food, salts, air and warmth, wood is often attacked by fungi, termites, insects and other pestiferous organisms. Since woods usually contain varying amounts of these substances, the rate of attack differs with wood…
BASIC ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Electronics is concerned with the theory design, and application of devices to control streams of electrons moving through solids, liquids, gases, and spaces, which are free of air (vacuums). Electronics is a very wide field. It is a specialized branch…
SIMPLE METAL WORK PROJECTS
Metal Finishing Metal finishing refers to any of the techniques used to create a decorative or protective surface on a metallic surface. Metals differ in their degree of luster. They range from very dull to very bright. Finishing is used…
CONCEPT OF TECHNOLOGY
The word technology refers to ways of making or doing things. It includes all the methods through which people use their inventions and discoveries to satisfy their needs and wants. Over a very long period of time, people all over…
INTRODUCTION TO METALWORK MACHINES
Introduction Metalwork is the process of working with metals to create individual parts, assemblies or large-scale structures. Types and Functions of Metalwork Machines There are different types of metalwork machine, which include a wide variety of equipment used to…
HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC MACHINES
Introduction In many industries, there are three main methods for power transmission from one point to another. They are electrical transmission, which is through wire and transformers; mechanical transmission, which is through shafts, gears, belts, chains etc.; and the last…
GEARS
Introduction A gear is a toothed machine part, such as a wheel or cylinder, that meshes with another toothed part to transmit motion or to change speed or direction or it can be a complete assembly that performs a specific…
FIRST AID
Introduction When working or playing in any environment, accidents or injuries usually occur, hence, the need for first aid treatment. First Aid: Meaning and Materials First aid is the immediate and temporary care given to a victim of an…
NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Introduction Diseases distrupt the normal functioning of the body. They are manifested by a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. Diseases can be prevented by early detection, treatment, monitoring and management. Meaning of Non-communicable Diseases Non-communicable diseases also known…
WOODWORK MACHINES
All machines are tools that help people to make things or make work easy. A woodwork machine is a machine that is used to process wood. Woodworking is an art or process of making items from wood. There are two…
BELT AND CHAIN DRIVES
A belt drive system is a method of transferring rotary motion between two shafts. A belt drive includes one pulley on each shaft and one or more continuous belts over the two pulleys. The motion of the driving pulley is…
RESCUE OPERATIONS
People are often involved in dangerous or harmful situations. They therefore, need to be saved or rescued from such situations to prevent loss of lives and property. Meaning of Rescue Operations Rescue operations are responsive operations usually involving the…
THERMAL ENERGY
Introduction Thermal energy simply means heat energy. The sun is the largest source of thermal energy to the Earth. Virtually all life on the earth rely on the sun’s energy, which reaches us in a vast spectrum of wavelengths –…
KINETIC ENERGY ASSUMPTIONS
The question about what things are made of started as far back as the 5th century B.C. when a Greek Philosopher, Democritus, first expressed his opinion that matter is made up of indivisible tiny particles which he called atoms. Scientists…
SOLDERING AND BRAZING
Meaning of Soldering and Brazing Soldering is a method of joining two metals surfaces by melting an alloy between them. It is a process in which two or more metal items are joined together by melting and flowing a filler…
METAL PROCESSING METHODS
A metal is a product from iron ore. Iron ore is the raw form of iron dug from the ground. When in this raw form, it contains impurities. To change iron ore into usable forms, the impurities have to be…
CERAMICS, PLASTIC AND RUBBER
Ceramics Earthen material exists in many forms such as sand, clay, mud, stone, rocks, and so forth. These various forms of soil can be used as material for making different objects. Such objects are collectively referred to as ceramics. In…
METALS
Identification of Metals There is a wide variety of metals. In fact about three-quarters of chemical elements are metals. Each metal has its own set of characteristics. Because of this wide variability, metals have been much used in technology. As…
PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
A material is a substance from which objects such as tools, machines, furniture, home appliances and other equipment are made. Materials may be broadly categorized into two groups namely metals and non-metals. Metals may further be divided into two classes,…
