METHODS TO DETERMINE HOST BACTERIAL CELLS CONTAINING CLONAL INSERT
1. Selection Markers One method to determine which host bacterial cells contain the clonal insert is by using selection markers. These markers are genes that confer a selective advantage to the host cell when they are present. For example, if…
SPECIFIC HOST DEFENSE MECHANISMS
Immunology Terms Defined Immunology: Immunology is the branch of biomedical science that focuses on the study of the immune system, which is responsible for defending the body against foreign substances and infectious diseases. Immunity: Immunity refers to the ability of…
THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NONSPECIFIC HOST DEFENSE MECHANISMS
Host Defense Basics Host Defense Mechanisms: These are the strategies and processes employed by the body to protect itself against pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Host defense mechanisms include various components of the immune system and other physical…
MEANING OF LIVESTOCK PARASITE
A parasite is an organism living in or on another organism called the host. The host is usually bigger and stronger than the parasite. The parasite derives benefits (food) from the host while the host is harmed or injured during…