MAJOR HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER PROJECTS IN AFRICA
Hydro-Electric Power (H.E.P) is the generation of electric power (electricity) from water. This is achieved through the damming of rivers and the use of river water to turn or drive turbines leading to the generation of electricity. A dam is…
PRESSURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY
Pressure is defined as the force exerted on the earth’s surface and other objects by air, because air has weight. On maps, places having equal atmospheric pressure are joined together by lines called Isobars. FACTORS AFFECTING PRESSURE Altitude: When…
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Pollution is the release of substances into the environment i.e. air, water or land in quantities or to the level that are harmful to man, animals and plants. The substances that cause pollution in the environment are called pollutants. …
ACTION OF UNDERGROUND WATER
Underground water is the water that sinks into the ground, that is, the water that enters the rocks. Water can enter a rock in two ways: Through the spaces called pore spaces separating the individual grains of rock. Through the…
LOCAL GEOGRAPHY
Local Geography involves the study of our immediate environment. In other words, it involves the study of both physical and socio-cultural aspects of the locality. The physical aspect includes mountains, lowlands, valleys, rivers, vegetation, climate, etc. The socio-cultural aspect includes…
CLASSIFICATION OF SETTLEMENT ACCORDING TO FUNCTIONS OF TOWNS
Towns are classified according to certain functions they perform. Certain towns may perform more than one function but some are known for a particular function as stated below: Market towns: These are mainly trading centres based on commerce e.g. Onitsha,…
CLASSIFICATION OF SETTLEMENT ACCORDING TO SIZE
The size of settlement refers to the number of people per settlement. The smallest settlement in terms of size is the homestead while the largest is megalopolis. On the basis of size, the following settlements are recognized with their characteristics.…
CLASSIFICATION OF SETTLEMENT ACCORDING TO PATTERN OR SHAPE
The pattern or shape of settlement refers to the arrangement of buildings in a settlement. The main patterns of settlements include: Dispersed (scattered) settlement. Linear settlement. Nucleated or Dense settlement. Isolated settlement. DISPERSED (SCATTERED) SETTLEMENT The buildings are scattered…
WORLD SETTLEMENTS
Settlement is a collection of buildings with people living in them. It is a centre for human activities and it consists of houses, communication networks, roads, tracks, railways etc. It could be one house, a group of houses, a village,…
MIGRATION
Migration is defined as the movement of people from one geographical area to another, involving permanent or temporary residence or settlement. In migration, the region where people are leaving is called the source region while the region where people are…
PATTERN OF WORLD POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
Pattern of world population distribution is grouped into three. These are: The very densely populated parts of the world. The moderately populated parts of the world. The very sparsely populated parts of the world. THE VERY DENSELY POPULATED PARTS…
PLAINS
A plain is an extensive area of level or gentle undulating land, usually a few metres above the sea-level. In this situation, height differences are small. Plains are certainly the most important and populous landforms because the world population lives…
KARST REGION
Karst region refers to large stretch of land occupied by limestone which possesses a unique type of topography. Limestone is a sedimentary rock of organic materials made of calcium carbonate. Karst landscapes develop where the bedrock is comprised of an…
WORLD TRADE
Trade refers to the buying and selling or exchange of goods and services between one region and another in the same country or between one country and another. The former is called internal trade while the latter is called international…
WORLD MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Manufacturing industry refers to the turning of both organic and inorganic raw materials and substances into finished or new products by mechanical or chemical processes at home (cottage) or in the factory. Processing industries: These are industries that are directly…
OCEANS
The ocean occupies over 70 percent or 360 million square kilometers of the earth’s total area of 510 million square kilometers. The oceanographers often study the oceans, the ocean water and the movement of the water under the course of…
RELIEF AND DRAINAGE OF WEST AFRICA
The relief of West Africa can be grouped into three classes as follows: 1. The lowlands: These areas are below 300m above the sea-level and are made up of sedimentary rocks. The lowlands are further sub-divided into two: The interior…
DENUDATION
Denudation is an erosive process of breaking and removing the rocks from the surface of the earth. It is the wearing away of the terrestrial land by weathering, erosion, moving water, ice waves. Denudation is the process by which the…
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION OF WEST AFRICA
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) may be defined as sub-regional organization formed by West African countries mainly to promote co-operation and development in all economic fields and of contributing to the progress and development of the African continent.…
TOURISM IN NIGERIA
Tourism can be defined as the process or act which involves people visiting places of interest where they can relax, derive pleasure and entertainment. Tourism is also the act of discovering the free gift of nature and how man prevents…
LOCATION, POSITION, SIZE AND POLITICAL DIVISIONS OF AFRICA
LOCATION Africa is located between latitude 37 degrees north and 35 degrees south of the equator and longitudes 17 degrees west and 51 degrees east of the Greenwich Meridian. POSITION Africa, the second largest continent in the world after…
SIZE, LOCATION, POSITION AND POLITICAL DIVISIONS OF WEST AFRICA
SIZE West Africa occupies about one fifth of the area of Africa and has a total land area of approximately 6,143,000 square kilometres. The main offshore islands include Sao Tome, Principe, Fernando Po, Annobon and Cape Verde which occupy another…
INTRODUCTION TO EARTHQUAKE
An earthquake is the rapid vibration of the earth created by a sudden movement of large sections of rock. An earthquake is a sudden motion or trembling in the earth caused by the abrupt release of slowly accumulated energy. An…
Study Guide
